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A three dimensional (3D) numerical modelling of filament assemblies has been developed in this study. The twist behaviour of the multifilament is simulated using the ABAQUS finite element package by modelling the yarns as 3D continuum elements. The migration of the filaments has been shown in a previous paper. In this study, we will describe a quantitative analysis of filament migration for different levels of twisting tension and torsion. The distribution of the filament orientation angle in accordance to the radial position and the axial position of the yarn are evaluated.

A three dimensional (3D) numerical model of filaments assemblies has been developed in this paper. The twist behaviour of the multifilament is simulated by using the ABAQUS finite element package and modelling the yarns as 3D continuum elements. This study describes the phenomenon of migration with different levels of twist and tension. The filament trajectory has been visualised for yarn made of a 3 layered structure (external, internal and central) of 19 filaments to show the existence of the migration phenomenon. Furthermore, a study of the mean filament position is evaluated for all filaments in the yarn. The twisting tension and twist values appear to be the most influential variables that control filament migration in twisted yarns.

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of matter, laundering types, special treatments and their succession applied during the manufacturing process of garment washing on the cloth shade.

Denim garment manufacturers are interested in finishing cloth to characterizes the aging look of the cloth. The effect of matter, laundering, special treatments and their succession were studied. The treatments have been done on manufactured trousers. One rigorous statistical study is achieved to validate the experimental results.

The mixed washing is the most degrading for the shade of cloth and appearance of the garment's surface and the succession of special treatments of finishing is demanded to have an increasing whiteness. The finishing resin‐treatment realized before any washing process (stone washing or mixed washing) provokes a slight increase of garment colour resistance.

Information from this study will aid manufacturers of garment washing jeans in selecting the finishing method that suits their marketing/manufacturing plants.

Garment washing is a technology incorporated by garment manufacturers to be able to provide a product in response to consumer's wants. This study of the effect of matter, washing type, special treatments and their succession on garment denim blue jeans shade provides garment manufacturers with information about the methodical line of finishing to obtain the wanted cloth shade.

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect on the cloth shade of matter, laundering types, special treatments and their succession applied during the manufacturing process of garment washing.

Denim garment manufacturers are interested in finishing cloth to characterize the aging look of the cloth. The effect of matter, laundering, special treatments and their succession were studied. The treatments have been done on manufactured trousers. One rigorous statistical study is achieved to validate the experimental results.

The mixed washing is the most degrading for the shade of cloth and appearance of the garment's surface and the succession of special treatments of finishing is demanded to have an increasing whiteness. The finishing resin‐treatment realized before any washing process (stone washing or mixed washing) provokes a slight increase of garment colour resistance.

Information in this paper will aid manufacturers garment washing jeans in selecting the finishing method that suits their marketing/manufacturing plants.

Garment washing is a technology incorporated by garment manufacturers to be able to provide a product in response to consumer's wants. This study of the effect of matter, washing type, special treatments and their succession on garment denim blue jeans shade provides garment manufacturers with information about the methodical line of finishing to obtain the wanted cloth shade.